Transformation of Sentence (Complex to Compound to Complex)

Transformation of Sentence (Complex to Compound to Complex)

Complex sentence কে Compound sentence এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম -

Rule 1:

Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “though”/”Although” থাকলে, compound sentence “but”/”yet” conjunction দিয়ে পৃথক clause গুলোকে যুক্ত করে ।

Complex: Though he is poor, he is happy.

Compound: He is poor, but he is happy.

Complex: Although she is ill, she worked very hard.

Compound: She is ill, yet she worked very hard.

Complex: Though the class was lengthy, the class was enjoyable.

Compound: The class was lengthy, but it was enjoyable.

Rule 2:

Complex sentence এর মাঝে যদি “lest” থাকে এবং person এর পরে “should” থাকে তবে compound sentence এ conjunction “or”/”otherwise” ব্যবহার করে পৃথক clause গুলোকে যুক্ত করা হয় এবং দ্বিতীয় clause এ future tense হয় ।

Complex: Study hard lest you should fail.

Compound: Study hard, or you will fail.

Complex: Practice hard lest you should be out of the cricket team.

Compound: Practice hard otherwise you will be out of the cricket team.

Rule 3:

Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “As soon as” থাকলে, compound sentence “and” conjunction দিয়ে পৃথক clause গুলোকে যুক্ত করে ।

Complex: As soon as the rain stopped, we started the journey.

Compound: The rain stopped, and we started the journey.

Complex: As soon as the crowd saw the hero, they started shouting.

Compound: The crowd saw the hero and started shouting.

Rule 4:

Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “since”/”as”/”when” থাকলে, compound sentence “and”/”so”/”hence”/”therefore” দিয়ে পৃথক clause গুলোকে যুক্ত করে ।

Complex: Since the weather was bad, the match did not take place.

Compound: The weather was bad, and the match did not take place.

Complex: As she was ill, she did not come.

Compound: She was ill, so she did not come.

Complex: When it is evening, the sun has set to the west.

Compound: The sun has set to the west, and therefore it is evening.

Rule 5:

Complex sentence এ relative pronoun “who” থাকলে, compound sentence সে স্থানে “and” ব্যবহার করে এবং প্রথম clause এর object দ্বিতীয় clause এর subject হয়ে যায় ।

Complex: I saw a girl who was singing.

Compound: I saw a girl, and she was singing.

Complex: I have a friend who is a writer.

Compound: I have a friend, and she is a writer.

Rule 6:

Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “if” ও এর পরে first or third person থাকলে এবং তা যদি negative অর্থ প্রকাশ করে তবে compound করার সময় এই structure follow করা হয় “Let+ pronoun এর object form + subordinate clause এর affirmative form + or/otherwise + main clause” ।

Complex: If I do not go there I will be unable to learn it.

Compound: let me go there or/otherwise I will be unable to learn it.

Complex: if I do not study hard I will be unable to get good marks.

Compound: Let me study hard or/otherwise I will be unable to get good marks.

Rule 7:

Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “if” ও এর পরে first or third person থাকলে এবং তা যদি affirmative form এ থাকে তবে compound করার সময় এই structure follow করা হয়, “Let+ pronoun এর object form + দুই clauses এর মাঝে “and” + main clause” ।

Complex: If I go there, I will be able to learn it.

Compound: let me go there, and I will be able to learn it.

Complex: if I study hard, I will be able to get good marks.

Compound: Let me study hard, and I will be able to get good marks.

Rule 8:

Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “if” ও এর পরে second person থাকলে এবং তা যদি negative অর্থ প্রকাশ করে তবে compound করার সময় “If you do not” উঠে গিয়ে verb এর affirmative form + or/otherwise + main clause হয় ।

Complex: If you do not study hard, you will fail.

Compound: Study hard, or you will fail.

Complex: If you do not practice more, you cannot become a good singer.

Compound: Practice more, or you cannot become a good singer.

Rule 9:

Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “if” ও এর পরে second person থাকলে এবং তা যদি affirmative form এ থাকে তবে compound করার সময় “If you do not” উঠে গিয়ে verb এর affirmative form + and + main clause হয় ।

Complex: If you study hard, you will get good marks.

Compound: Study hard, and you will get good marks.

Complex: If you read more, your writing capability will increase.

Compound: Read more, and your writing capability will increase.

Rule 10:

Complex sentence যদি “so…that” form এ থাকে তবে compound sentence এই নিয়ম follow করবে, “so” এর স্থানে “very “; “that” এর স্থানে ”and” +so/hence/therefore + main clause ।

Complex: I am so tired that I cannot work.

Compound: I am very tired, and so/hence/therefore I cannot work.

Complex: The place is so crowded that I cannot find a place to stand.

Compound: The place is very crowded, and so/hence/therefore I cannot find a place to stand.

Rule 11:

Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “Unless” ও এর পরে second person (you) থাকলে , compound sentence এই structure follow করবে, “Unless ও you উঠে যাবে + দুই clause এর মাঝে ”or” + main clause ।

Complex: Unless you say prayers, you cannot advise anyone to say prayers.

Compound: Say prayers, or you cannot advise anyone to say prayers.

Complex: Unless you practice hard, you cannot become a good singer.

Compound: Practice hard, or you cannot become a good singer.

Compound sentence কে complex sentence এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম -

Rule 1:

Compound sentence “but”/”yet” conjunction দিয়ে পৃথক clause গুলোকে যুক্ত করলে, Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “though”/”Although” বসে “but”/”yet” উঠে যাবে ।

Compound: He is poor, but he is happy.

Complex: Though he is poor, he is happy.

Compound: She is ill, yet she worked very hard.

Complex: Although she is ill, she worked very hard.

Compound: The class was lengthy, but it was enjoyable.

Complex: Though the class was lengthy, the class was enjoyable.

Rule 2:

যদি Compound sentence এ conjunction “or”/”otherwise” ব্যবহার করে পৃথক clause গুলোকে যুক্ত করা হয় এবং দ্বিতীয় clause এ future tense হয়, তবে complex sentence এর মাঝে “lest” হবে এবং person এর পরে “should” বসবে ।

Compound: Study hard, or you will fail.

Complex: Study hard lest you should fail.

Compound: Practice hard otherwise you will be out of the cricket team.

Complex: Practice hard lest you should be out of the cricket team.

Rule 3:

যদি compound sentence “and” conjunction দিয়ে পৃথক clause গুলোকে যুক্ত করে, তবে complex sentence এর শুরুতে “As soon as” বসে মাঝ থেকে “and” উঠে যাবে ।

Compound: The rain stopped, and we started the journey.

Complex: As soon as the rain stopped, we started the journey.

Compound: The crowd saw the hero and started shouting.

Complex: As soon as the crowd saw the hero, they started shouting.

Rule 4:

যদি compound sentence “and”/ ”so”/ ”hence”/ ”therefore” দিয়ে পৃথক clause গুলোকে যুক্ত করে, তবে complex sentence এর শুরুতে “since”/ ”as”/ ”when” বসে “and”/ ”so”/ ”hence”/ ”therefore” উঠে যাবে ।

Compound: The weather was bad, and the match did not take place.

Complex: Since the weather was bad, the match did not take place.

Compound: She was ill, so she did not come.

Complex: As she was ill, she did not come.

Compound: The sun has set to the west, and therefore it is evening.

Complex: When it is evening, the sun has set to the west.

Rule 5:

যদি compound sentence এ “and” ব্যবহৃত হয় একই ব্যক্তি সম্পর্কে দুটো ভিন্ন clause যুক্ত করতে, তবে complex sentence “and” এর স্থানে relative pronoun “who” ব্যবহার করে এর পরের pronoun উঠিয়ে দেবে ।

Compound: I saw a girl, and she was singing.

Complex: I saw a girl who was singing.

Compound: I have a friend, and she is a writer.

Complex: I have a friend who is a writer.

Rule 6:

যদি compound sentence এই structure follow করে , “Let+ pronoun এর object form + subordinate clause এর affirmative form + or/otherwise + main clause”, তবে complex sentence এর শুরুতে “if” ও এর পরে first or third person ব্যবহার করে negative অর্থ প্রকাশ করে ।

Compound: let me go there or/otherwise I will be unable to learn it.

Complex: If I do not go there I will be unable to learn it.

Compound: Let me study hard or/otherwise I will be unable to get good marks.

Complex: if I do not study hard I will be unable to get good marks.

Rule 7:

Compound sentence যদি এই structure follow করে , “Let+ pronoun এর object form + দুই clauses এর মাঝে “and” + main clause”, তবে complex sentence এর শুরুতে “if” ও এর পরে first or third person ব্যবহার করে affirmative form এ থাকে ।

Compound: Let me study hard, and I will be able to get good marks.

Complex: If I study hard, I will be able to get good marks.

Compound: Let me go there, and I will be able to learn it.

Compound: Let me go there, and I will be able to learn it.

Rule 8:

Compound sentence যদি এই structure follow করে , verb এর affirmative form + or/otherwise + main clause, complex sentence এর শুরুতে “if” ও এর পরে second person ব্যবহার করে negative অর্থ প্রকাশ করে ।

Compound: Study hard, or you will fail.

Complex: If you do not study hard, you will fail.

Compound: Practice more, or you cannot become a good singer.

Complex: If you do not practice more, you cannot become a good singer.

Rule 9:

Compound sentence যদি এই structure follow করে , verb এর affirmative form + and + main clause, Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “if” ও এর পরে second person ব্যবহার করে affirmative form এ থাকে ।

Compound: Study hard, and you will get good marks.

Complex: If you study hard, you will get good marks.

Compound: Read more, and your writing capability will increase.

Complex: If you read more, your writing capability will increase.

Rule 10:

যদি compound sentence “very….and so/hence/therefore+ main clause” এই from এ থাকে, তবে complex sentence “so…that” form ব্যবহার করবে ।

Compound: I am very tired, and so/hence/therefore I cannot work.

Complex: I am so tired that I cannot work.

Compound: The place is very crowded, and so/hence/therefore I cannot find a place to stand.

Complex: The place is so crowded that I cannot find a place to stand.

Rule 11:

যদি compound sentence দুই clause এর মাঝে ”or” ব্যবহার করে উপদেশ দেয়া বোঝায়, তবে Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “Unless” ও এর পরে second person (you) থাকে ।

Compound: Say prayers, or you cannot advise anyone to say prayers.

Complex: Unless you say prayers, you cannot advise anyone to say prayers.

Compound: Practice hard, or you cannot become a good singer.

Complex: Unless you practice hard, you cannot become a good singer.